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dev.el.op.ment/

[dih-vel-uh p-muh nt]

n.noun

In literary terms, development is the act or progress of developing a written body of work. The type of development an author utilizes, specifically depends on what type of writing the author intends on writing. For instance, if an author is writing an informative essay, research would be a key element of their developmental process. An author who writes an informative article, however, will not include the developmental process of character development, as this is an element essential for writing a story or novel.

The development of a written body of work should be approached with scrutiny and carefully constructed writing skills. Learning basic constructs such as creating an outline and researching factual details pertaining to the type of literature the author intends on creating.Prologue

pro.logue

n.noun

A prologue is a form of introduction to a story. Additionally, a prologue is responsible for setting the tone of the story while also providing a ‘background’ for the story’s setting or characters.

The invention of prologue is thought to have been created by Euripides. It has been said that he used the prologue as an ‘explanatory first act.’ Others argued that Euripides’s usage of prologue as prefixes that provided too much impertinent background story, and usage of the prologue distracts the viewer in regards of enjoying the play. Whatever the intentions were behind Euripides’s invention of the prologue, it is now a widely used and versatile tool for any aspiring author or playwright.Anecdote

Anecdote

an.ec.dote

n.oun

An anecdote is a short and amusing form of storytelling of an account or incident that occurred in a person’s or character’s life. An anecdote is usually based on true accounts of the person’s life, and not contrived storytelling of fiction.

The word anecdote actually comes from the Greek Byzantine period, during the reign of Emperor Justinian. During that time, the word anecdote, or ‘Anecdota,’ meant writings that were unpublished or kept secret, as the earliest forms of anecdote were amusing and offensive accounts of the emperor. However, the secret and amusing stories finally were discovered and the term anecdote was born.

The writings of anecdotes are used as a device for connecting with an audience. While anecdotes are meant to be humorous accounts of a person or character, they are also serious in nature, as they are meant to provide deeper understanding and connection for the character who is telling the story.Appeal to emotion

App.eal / e.mo.tion
n.noun

Appeal to emotion, or argumentum ad passiones, is a logical fallacy characterized by the manipulation of the recipient’s emotions to win an argument, especially in the absence of factual evidence.

In the literary sense, an author who appeals to emotion, sways the emotions of the reader through their written, body of work, for the reader to support the speaker’s argument. This tactic is used when the author’s agenda requires that the reader follow their emotions, rather than logical reasoning. An extreme example of an author appealing to emotions of the reader is Adolf Hitler’s Mein Kampf.Appeals to reason/logic

Appeals to reason/logic
n.noun

Contrariwise to appeals to emotion, appeals to reason is a literary tool used by authors to persuade their reader’s through the logic of reasoning, rather than irrationality. When an author appeals to logic, they are not simply selling their ideology or personal agenda. Rather, when implementing an appeal to logic, an author is making a stance on a particular issue with facts and reasoning to back up their declaration.

An author who includes reasoning and logic for the basis of their paper, are responsibly and ethically requesting the audience’s undivided attention. Rather than simply targeting the reader’s personal feelings, an author using an appeal to logic does not plan to sway the opinions of others simply because they feel a certain way about a particular issue. Additionally, an author who uses the persuasion of logical reasoning can retain their credibility as a source of information.Archetype

arch.e.type 

n.noun

An archetype is a constant recurring symbol or motif in literature. The usage of this term draws from both comparative anthropology and Jungian archetypal theory.

An archetype’s functionality in writing is a device that allows readers to connect and identify with the author’s characters through the context in which the archetype is being used. Additionally, the connections mad between reader and character are social and cultural. For example, readers of Ayn Rand can connect to her post apocalyptic settings and situations by relating her characters struggles to the sufferings of people under the communist regime. Another example would be the eternal love that the story Romeo and Juliette conveys to the reader.Audience

au·di·ence

n.noun

An audience is a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature, theatre, music, or academics in any medium. In the literary sense, an audience is a targeted demographic for an author’s written body of work to appeal to and represent in a logical, and/or entertaining sense.

When pertaining to literature, there are many different types of audience. For instance, an author writing about a love affair between a high school student and an ancient, ageless, vampiric Adonis, is most likely targeting an audience of young women. Moreover, it is imperative for an author to understand who their audience is, and furthermore, appeal to the emotions and nature of that audience.Audience Awareness

Audience Awareness

n.noun

Audience awareness is a literary term that pertains to a targeted audience’s knowledge about specific topics an author addresses in their written material.

Audience awareness is a key factor in the success or failure of an author effectively reaching, informing, and motivating any targeted audience’s emotions or attitudes regarding the author’s, personal feelings. For example, if an author is writing a politically charged article, it is imperative for the author’s audience to be aware of the fundamentals of the political attitude of the written material. Furthermore, it is important for the reader to understand the message the author is trying to convey so that they are aware of the author’s persuasion, attitude and intentions of writing said document.

In conclusion, it is crucial for an author to understand their audience. Moreover, it is important for the author to be conscious of their audience’s level of awareness regarding the information that the author has provided for their reader.Autobiography

autobiography

An autobiography is a written account of the life of a person written by that person. To put plainly, an autobiography is the story that a person wrote about themselves. The word itself was coined by William Taylor in 1797 in the English Periodical, then later used by Robert Southey in 1809.

Autobiographies are often used as a document researchers rely on to learn more about the author. However, it is also a body of work that may be hard to credit as factual. This is because the author who writes an autobiography is writing about themselves. Writing an autobiography may lead some authors to fabricate half-truths, to present themselves in a positive light. Additionally, writing an autobiography requires the author to use their memory as a source of documentation.Biography

bi·og·ra·phy

bīˈäɡrəfē/

n.noun

A biography is a detailed, written document that describes the accounts of a person’s life. A biography entails more than basic facts about education, work, relationships; it also includes an individual’s life experiences in which these settings took place. Although mostly works of non-fiction, a biography may be fictitious, using a fictitious or genuine historical figure as its subject.

Biographies are either authorized or unauthorized. An authorized biography is a written document about an individual, with the subject of the material giving permission to the writer in writing their life’s story. An unauthorized biography is written by an author who did not rely on the subject’s consent before writing the biography.Book contract

bo͝ok/con·tract
ˈkäntrakt/

n.noun

A book contract is the legally binding agreement, between the author and the author’s particular publishing house. A book contract is designed to provide the author with a fair and balanced payout while simultaneously ensuring the publishing house that the author will meet a specific set of requirements.

A legitimate book contract should cover every facet of an agreement between author and publisher. Specifics such as, the development of the author’s body of work, the assignment of the author’s requirements for that body of work, and the financial earnings that their body of work will earn, should all be presented. Once all aspects are covered and agreed upon, the book contract is complete.Brainstorming

brain·storm

ˈbrānˌstôrm/

Brainstorming is a form of development in literature in which the author lists topics to write about or points the they intend on making in their body of work. Unlike other literary processes, brainstorming can be conducted during any stage of the development of writing. For example, an author can utilize brainstorming when first approaching a project in terms of choosing a topic to write about, or type of novel they wish to create. Moreover, brainstorming is also useful for a writer when experiencing ‘writer’s’ block to think of fresh ideas.

Brainstorming can be a very useful tool in any author’s literary repertoire. However, it is also important for an author to not put pressure on themselves when brainstorming. When an author brainstorms, they should allow all thoughts and ideas to flow. Additionally, an author should only stress the quality of their ideas after they choose a specific literary entity to expound upon in their writing .Characterization

Characterization

char.act.er.i.za.tion

n.noun

Characterization is a literary device that used to create characters for a narrative. Characterization can be used in dramatic fictitious stories, to every day conversation. The development of characterization can take place by various types of means. A character’s actions, speech, thoughts and interactions with other characters may be used in order to develop their character.

Characterization is a step by step process where8n the author uses with the entrance of the particular character. The author develops the character of the protagonist by using descriptions of the hero’s morality, purpose and motivations. Contrariwise to the protagonist, the author uses the immorality, hatred, perverse thinking, and nefarious agenda in the characterization of the antagonist of the story.Context

con·text
ˈkäntekst/
noun

Context is the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed.

In literature, context is used in two different ways, verbal and social.

– Verbal context refers to the expression of an author’s writings ( word, sentence, paragraph etc.) The verbal context influences the way a statement is understood.

– Social context refers to a subjects gender, age or race.

Additionally, a context is made up of physical and communicative dimensions, which include, time, space, names, signs, as well as symbols. For this reason, it is crucial for the author to appropriately utilize context so that their body of work is interpreted as the intentions in which the author intended.Development

dev.el.op.ment

[dih-vel-uh p-muh nt]

In literary terms, development is the act or progress of developing a written body of work. The type of development an author utilizes, specifically depends on what type of writing the author intends on writing. For instance, if an author is writing an informative essay, research would be a key element of their developmental process. An author who writes an informative article, however, will not include the developmental process of character development, as this is an element essential for writing a story or novel.

The development of a written body of work should be approached with scrutiny and carefully constructed writing skills. Learning basic constructs such as creating an outline and researching factual details pertaining to the type of literature the author intends on creating.Diction

dic·tion
ˈdikSH(ə)n/

n.noun

Diction is the choice and use of words in an author’s written material. Diction is made up of concrete and abstract. Both are symbiotic in functionality and usage.

Concrete and abstract diction need one another to function. Concrete diction is used to illustrate what the abstract expresses. The most effective literature integrates concrete and abstract diction, which includes the style of language and the explanation of said style of language.

Using diction that appeals to an author’s audience is critical when approaching any form of writing. Moreover, appropriate usage of diction will ensure that the author’s intention is received in which is was intended, leaving the reader with a sense of comfortability.Draft

draft/

n.noun

A draft is a piece of writing that has yet to be finished. During the process of drafting, an author begins to develop a more cohesive piece of writing that can be used as a template of their final, finished piece of writing.

In regards to the process of drafting, an author:

– develops a more descriptive text
– organizes their ideas they wish to write about
– explains examples/ideas of their written material
– uncovers transitions within their body of work
– discovers a central argument/point the author intends on conveying
– elaborates on key ideas of their piece of literature

In its simplest terms, a literary draft is an unedited, rough-cut of the author’s final, or published piece of work. When creating a first draft, an author can sculpt the structure and polish the make-up of their written material. Moreover, an author can visualize how their final draft will materialize, and furthermore, what steps they need to take to achieve a finished product.essay prompt

essay prompt

Essay prompts are statements that are immediately followed by a question. The Function of an essay prompt is test the reader’s reading comprehension, writing skill and analytical thought process. Perhaps the most recognized form of essay prompt questionaires, are the ones used in the entry exams of the SAT and ACT.

In english literature, teachers use prompt essay format by proposing a question to the class and then assigning their class to answer the question in the form of an essay. Essay prompting is effective an effective tool for English teachers to utilize because students must expound on their thought process, rather than simply answering a question on a test or assignment.expository writing

expository writing

n.noun

Expository writing is a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform. The text is organized around one topic and developed according to a pattern or combination of patterns. The writer of an expository text cannot assume that the reader or listener has prior knowledge or prior understanding of the topic that is being discussed. Since clarity requires strong organization, one of the most important mechanisms to improve skills in exposition is to improve the organization of the text. The patterns shown below are frequently used to create an expository essay. Additionally, more than one pattern may be used within an expository essay.

Expository writing is a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform. The text is organized around one topic and developed according to a pattern or combination of patterns. The writer of an expository text cannot assume that the reader or listener has prior knowledge or prior understanding of the topic that is being discussed. Since clarity requires strong organization, one of the most important mechanisms to improve skills in exposition is to improve the organization of the text. The patterns shown below are frequently used to create an expository essay. Additionally, more than one pattern may be used within an expository essay.Fictionfic·tionˈfikSH(ə)n/noun

Fiction is a form of literature that is derived from imagination, as opposed to historical facts. The term most usually refers to certain major forms of literature, including a novel, novella, short story, and narrative poetry. However, fiction may also appear in other media forms such as live performance (drama theater, ballet, opera, etc.), or recorded performance, ( film, video games, role-playing etc.).

Works of fiction include a plot, exposotition, foreshadowing, rising action, and climax. Every part of a fictionalized story serves its function and make-up to the story. While there are many varying types of fiction, every work of fictionalized body of work includes the elements described above.

The most important part of any work of fiction is the characters within the setting of the story. Fictionalized stories usually include a protagonist, an antagonist, and supporting characters who interact with the main characters.Figurative language

Figurative language
n.noun

Figurative language is a distinction of a style of writing. In figurative writing, an author uses figures of speech, metaphors, comparisons, multiple meanings, or overstatement to expound upon their ideas of their written material.

Figurative language can take multiple forms such as simile or metaphors. Moreover, figurative language is classified in five categories: relationship, emphasis or understatement, figures of sound, verbal games, and errors. While all of these classifications of figurative language are distinctive and vary in basic function, their main intention is to convey an attitude and add depth to the description of a certain topic or subject.Foreshadowing

Fore.shad.ow.ing
n.noun

Foreshadowing is a literary device that refers to the indicative word of phrases and hints that provide information as to what is about to happen in the development of the story. Additionally, foreshadowing provides information to the reader as to where the story is going, without giving away the story or spoiling the suspense. Rather, a proper usage of foreshadowing is just a suggestion to the reader to keep them engaged in what may be taking place later on, within the story.

Foreshadowing is a device that has been used by many iconic and legendary storytellers such as John Steinbeck in the novel “Of Mice & Men. In the story of “Of Mice & Men,” the character Lenny, accidentally kills a mouse, a dog, and eventually, a young woman. This foreshadowed Lenny’s eminent death when George is told by Candy that “ I ought to have killed that dog myself.” This not only foreshadowed Lenny’s demise, but also gave George the idea to decide to kill Lenny. The intentions behind his thought process were to give Lenny a painless and quick death, rather than a slow and painful one by the hands of a angered stranger.Galley Proof

Galley Proofs

Gal.ley Proof

N.noun

Galley proof. In printing and publishing, proofs are the preliminary versions of publications meant for review by authors, editors, and proofreaders, often with extra-wide margins.

Galley proofs are so named because in the days of hand-set letterpress printing, the printer would set the page into galleys—the metal trays into which type was laid and tightened into place—which would then be used to print limited copies for proofreading.

Galley proofs are traditionally printed as a single column on a long strip of paper, and generally do not include illustrations. The next and final proof is usually the page proof.Galley Proofs

Galley Proofs

n.noun

Galley proof. In printing and publishing, proofs are the preliminary versions of publications meant for review by authors, editors, and proofreaders, often with extra-wide margins.

Galley proofs are so named because in the days of hand-set letterpress printing, the printer would set the page into galleys—the metal trays into which type was laid and tightened into place—which would then be used to print limited copies for proofreading.

Galley proofs are traditionally printed as a single column on a long strip of paper, and generally do not include illustrations. The next and final proof is usually the page proof.Imagery

m·age·ry
ˈimij(ə)rē/Submit
noun

In the context of literature, imagery is the author’s ability to use vivid and figurative language that adds depth to their writing. Moreover, imagery is used to appeal to human senses to expand the reader’s imagination and to build a better understanding of the message within the piece of writing. An effective use of imagery will engage all of the senses of the readers, allowing them to accept the ideas and concepts of the writer.

Forms of imagery:

– visual imagery (engages the reader’s visualization)
– auditory imagery (engages the reader’s sense of hearing)
– olfactory imagery (engages the reader’s sense of smell)
– gustatory imagery (engages the reader’s sense of taste)
– tactile imagery (engages the reader’s sense of touch)

Imagery is a crucial factor for most forms of writing. When an author uses imagery in an effective manner, they can make the reader feel as if they were transported to the author’s own, imaginative locale. Additionally, readers who feel as though they are experiencing the author’s writing through imagery, can accept the true motivations and attitudes in which the author intended to convey.Literature


lit·er·a·ture
ˈlidərəCHər,ˈlidərəˌCHo͝or/
noun

Literature, in its broadest sense, is any written work, created by an author. Each piece of literature varies in its content, style and function, depending on the intentions of the author creating the literature.

Literature can be written with intentions of informing its readers about a subject, providing documented facts to promote knowledge within the reader. Additionally, literature can be created with the intentions of entertaining the reader. Literature, created to provide readers with entertainment, does not rely on facts to be effective in its material.

While there are many different types of literature, there are also critics for each classification of literature. In other words, literature, no matter what the style or make-up, can be effective, or ineffective in terms of functionality.Memoir

mem·oir
ˈmemˌwär
noun

Memoir (from French: mémoire: memoria, meaning memory or reminiscence), is a literary nonfiction genre. More specifically, it is a collection of memories that an individual writes about moments or events, both public or private that took place in the author’s life.

Memoirs have been written since ancient times, as early as Julius Cesar’s Commentarii de Bello Gallico. In this particular, historical memoir, Cesar describes his many battles that took place when he fought the Gallic Wars.

Since Julius Cesar, memoirs have been a popular literary tool for historical figures to use for telling the accounts of their lives. Modern examples of memoirs today include retired presidents. Past and sitting presidents write memoirs to inform the American people about their time in office, providing readers with their side of how their time in office was used.Mood

mood
n.noun

Mood is an element within the narrative of a piece of literature that creates an emotion setting for the reader. Because of its effectiveness in creating emotional effect, the mood of a story is also referred to as, its ‘atmosphere. Mood is s what allows the author to establish emotional and psychological interest for the reader in order for them to get a true feel for the setting of the story. For this reason, developing is considered to be a complex reading strategy.

There are various strategies for an author in regards to developing the mood of a story. These strategies include: the development of a character’s setting, a character’s attitude and how they deal with their emotions, and the author’s choice of words in which he or she chooses to set the mood,Narrative writing

narrative writing

n.noun

Narrative writing is a style of writing in which the author connects events, fictitious or factual.

There are many formats that narrative writing can be presented in. These formats include: non:fiction, (e.g. journalism, biography, and historiography); or fictionalized accounts of historical facts(e.g. myths and legends), as well as fictionalized stories (e.g. novels).

Oral story telling is the earliest form of sharing narratives. Since its origins, however, the sharing of narrative storytelling has now become perhaps the most popular form of literature.non-fiction

non·fic·tion
ˌ

nänˈfikSH(ə)n/

n.noun

Non-fiction is a form of literature that is based on true, historical facts. The author of non-fiction writing has the responsibility of documenting historical facts, while avoiding half-truths, or inaccuracies to the best of their ability.

Basic forms of Non-fiction include biographies, memoirs, journalism, historical, scientific, technical, or economic writings. While every work of non-fiction defers in function, all works of non-fiction are created with the purpose of being informative to the reader.
narrative, normally in prose, which describes fictional characters and events, usually in the form of a sequential story.

Non-fiction writing can trace its roots back to 32,000 cave paintings, as this was humanities’ first attempt at documenting historical facts. However, it is the Mesopotamians who developed the first alphabet, cuneiform, that we attribute the first non-fiction writing.Novel

nov·el

ˈnävəl/Submit
noun

A novel is a written story based on fictitious characters and events. The actual conception of the writing of novels is unknown. Some experts believe novels were established as a genre during the late 15th-18th century while others consider the writing of novels to be an art-form spanning back thousands of years. Additionally, novels were not a practical form of entertainment until the price of paper was affordable to the general public, which came about during the 15th century.

While the earliest form of novel dates back to the 15th century, it was considered by literary critics as simply ‘entertainment,’ and was not perceived as an art form until the age of Romanticism.Pacing

pacing 

pac.ing

n.noun

 in literature, pacing is the speed in which the author chooses as, most appropriate, in terms of creating their specific body of work. Choosing an effective pace in a writing is a crucial skill to be honed. The difference between a reader losing interest out of boredom, and a reader nervously reading every page due from sheer excitement, is simply, the choosing of an effective pace for that story to flow into. 

When attempting to effectively describe the intricate details of a literary setting, an author may choose to implement a slower pace than usual.  This is so that the author is  able to thoroughly and effectively create an imaginative scene so that the reader can get the most out o their scenery details when thinking of the author’s described setting. Contrariwise, an exciting action scene may influence a writer’s  pacing to speed allowing the reader to read ‘on the edge of their seat.’persuasive writing

persuasive writing

Persuasive writing is a written body of work in which the author attempts to persuade his or her audience to agree with them on a particular issue. In persuasive writing, the author’s agenda may be to encourage the reader to adhere to a call of action, or simply see things through their point of view. Persuasive writing is one of the most commonly used styles of writing, however, it is subjective and mostly relies on an opinion, rather than documented fact.

There are varying types of persuasive writing techniques, each of which, come with their own agenda. For instance, advertisers often use persuasive writing in order to engage potential consumers in choosing their particular product. In addition to swaying potential costumers, persuasive writing is also used by those who have a political or some sort of moral issue in which the author attempts to recruit readers into joining their cause.Poetry

po·et·ry
ˈpōətrē/

n.noun

Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.

Poetry is an art form that predates even literacy. Epic poetry, such as Homer’s Odyssey, date back to 800-675BC. However, the oldest documented poetry is attributed to the Epic of Gilgamesh, which dates back to 3000 BC, in Sumer. The Epic of Gilgamesh was written in cuneiform script on clay tablets, and later, copied on papyrus.

Poetry has been an art form of expression for thousands of years. However, modern poets have distinguished themselves as credible masters of the ancient art form as well. Modern poetic masters include Henry Waldsworth, Liam Rector, Robert Frost, Catherine Barnett, Leonard Cohen, among nearly countless others.Point of view

Point of view

n.noun

Point of view is the perspective of the characters within a story. The point of view of a story is established through the way the story is told or who the narrator is. In other words, the point of view of a story is what determines the way a story is developed and the perception of the story’s unfolding. This is why the point of view of the story is able to set the tone in which it is told.

The point of view of a story can be told in a variety of ways, including a first person, and third person perspectives. In a third person point of view, which allow the author to tell the stories of multiple characters’s as if they were an outside spectator, telling a story of what they saw. Contrariwise, a first-person perspective, allows the reader to receive in depth information and perspective of whoever the character is who happens to be narrating the story. However, when using a first-person perspective, the reader is limited to only the knowledge of what the narrator can convey.Polishing

polishing

pol.i.shing

n.noun 

polishing a writing document means to improve upon the intricate details of writing subject matter. When polishing a document, an author is looking to revise their material, enhance the vernacular of said document , and most importantly, fed all typos or mistakes.

it is crucial for an author, or editor, to approach this stage of development with intense concentration, ensuring that all changes that are made, only add to the overall quality of the author’s body of work. Taking the extra time it takes to truly look over and improve upon a writer’s quality of work, can be the difference of failure or success of an authors written material.Pre-Writing

Pre-Writing

n.noun

Prewriting is a broad term used to describe the process an author undergoes before writing a formal draft. Moreover, the prewriting stage begins when an author reads a writing assignment, or even conceives ideas for their particular, body of work.

Prewriting begins with an author’s literary motivations and the audience in which they choose to reach. Any author engaging in the developmental stage of prewriting should ask themselves four questions:

1. What is the motivation for the author in writing their material?

2. How are intentions conveyed to the author’s audience?

3.Why is the author is attempting to communicate to a particular audience?

4. Who or what type of demographic is the author attempting to reach?

After an author has addressed these four questions, it is now time to pick a topic. After an author has chosen a desired topic, the author needs to narrow the topic down in order to thoroughly get their point across to the reader. This stage is then followed by organizing information, experimentation of expressing the writer’s ideas, and finally, writing a first draft of the author’s particular literary body of work.Publishing House

pub·lish·ing house
ˈpəbliSHiNG/ hous/

n.noun

A publishing house is another name for a publishing company. It is a company that takes the written work of a writer or musician and makes it commercially available to the public for consumption. Additionally, most authors and musicians use some form of a publishing house.

There are many different types of publishing houses. There are some publishers that specialize in informative, historical documentation, such as, companies who publish academic textbooks. Additionally, there are other companies who specialize in religious publishings, and others who specialize in the publishings of fiction-based, entertaining novels.

Without the assistance of a publishing house, it is difficult for an author to make any profit off of their written, body of work. Moreover, if an aspiring writer desires to make a living off of their writing, it is almost necessary for them to utilize the tools of a publishing house.Recursive Process

-Recursive Process:

The recursive process refers to each draft of the author’s writing before final submission. The recursive process involves revising, editing and proofreading the documents written to review for any errors or areas of opportunity prior to the final draft of the writing. 

Some commonly used steps in the recursive process in writing include the editor providing feedback, the writing being reviewed with the provided feedback, choosing what feedback to include and planning how to include the feedback into the final draft. 

The recursive process is a useful tool for writers to have a proper analysis of the writing and improving on the style, structure, tone, grammar and punctuation for the best final product possible. The recursive process may also involve one or more parties outside of the author to complete the process, allowing for a fresh set of eyes for review. Satire

Sat.ire
n.noun

Satire is a literary device that uses humor to bring about character flaws within the characters of the story.. The use of satire is often inclusive of a need or decision of correcting or bettering the character. Moreover, the reaction of the reader may be to laugh at the current situation at hand, but humor is not the only intentions of the author. The main focus of satire is to derive a reaction of contempt from the reader, but using humor as a means to draw the reader’s attention.

An example of satire in modern pop-culture is the TV series Southpark. Southpark uses satire as its primary medium for drawing attention to the flaws in society, especially American society at present. The scripts and writing for the show are an excellent example of satire in written form.sensory detail

sensory detail—

Sensory details are descriptive literary tools used by authors to engage the reader’s senses such as, sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste. Sensory detail, of course, does not literally engage these senses, but rather engages a reader’s imagination. Sensory details are what allows authors to not only reach an audience, but keep their audience captivated, wanting to read more.

Sensory details are perhaps the most important details of any story, fiction or non-fiction. Without these key details, the author fails to reach their audience, regardless of what the content of their writings consist of.

To summarize, sensory details are a tool that an author can use to relate to their audience, further captivating their reader’s attention.Sentence Fluency

-Sentence Fluency:

Sentence fluency is the flow of the author’s writing, the sound of word patterns and the way in which the writing plays to the reader’s ear, rather than simply the eye.

Many author’s test the sentence fluency of their writing by reading the text out loud and judging what flows and what does not.

Sentence fluency will have a particular cadence and movement of the language. Sentences should be well built, vary in structure and provide dialogue. Sentences should have different beginnings, lengths and structures.

Proper sentence fluency will provide an easy and natural sound for the reader, allowing them to better focus on what the author is trying to convey. Sequency

-Sequencing:

Sequencing is a term to describe a type of writing that is used to explain in detail or to review observation findings on a topic. Sequencing is used in writing recipes, manuals, directions or experimental type writing. The reader can identify when an author is using sequencing by observing the words used in the writing. Some commonly used words in sequencing are first, second, then, next, after and in conclusion. 

When sequencing, the author may use a step-by-step style of writing with the ultimate goal of the reader understanding the written instructions of the detailed writing. Many healthcare facilities and schools use manuals, lab books and procedural documents, which all use sequencing in their writing.

Sequencing is generally an easy way for the reader to follow and reach the ultimate goal of the author.Thesis statement

thesis statement

thes.is / state.ment

n.noun 

A thesis statement is a sort of declaration of an author’s intentions of writing a paper, essay, or article in which the author has taken a stance on a particular issue. A thesis statement usually is written at the end of the introductory paragraph of a paper. Additionally, a thesis statement is used to offer the main point or claim of the author’s subject matter.

Establishing a thesis statement is a necessity for any author attempting to reach a targeted audience. In addition to establishing a thesis statement in the beginning of an article, an author may reestablish their declaration multiple times throughout their paper. The reason an author may choose to include their thesis statement more than once, may be to establish the purpose of their writing, ensuring their point has resonated with their targeted reader.Tone<p class=”p1″>-Tone:</p> <p class=”p1″>The tone of writing is used to express the author’s viewpoint or attitude toward the subject. The reader can identify the author&rsquo;s tone by taking notice of the words and details in the writing. Words such as incredulous, formal, nostalgic, distressed are all common tone words and can be used to identify the writer’s overall tone of the writing.&nbsp;</p> <p class=”p1″>The author will choose a tone such as objective, subjective, bitter, optimistic or sentimental, depending on the writing style and subject. The majority of textbooks use an objective tone that includes facts and reasonable explanations. In contrast, a subjective tone would include the author&rsquo;s personal feelings, opinions and judgements; this tone is commonly used in essay writing.&nbsp;</p>Topic

-Topic:

The topic is the subject matter and focal point of the author’s writing.

From the topic, the author can choose the tone and style to elaborate further on the subject of their writing. The topic can vary from a persuasive standpoint such as the requirement of school uniforms or an argumentative topic such as children immunizations. The topic is the center of importance and allows the writer to shed some light on the chosen facts, opinions or stance in the subject in which they choose to discuss. 

The topic is of major importance due to it being one of the first things the author chooses in order to create the idea of what the author is trying to convey in their writing. Once the author has a topic, the other components of writing fall into place.Tragedy


Trag.e.dy

n.noun


The tragedy is a style of dramatic storytelling that uses human suffering as a means of connecting with the audience. Additionally, here have been many cultures that span far as back as thousands of years who have used tragedy as a form of entertainment. The Greeks, ancient Christians, as well as the Hellenes, are all ancient cultures which developed the earliest known stories of what we know today as ’tragedy.’

Stories from the genre of tragedy, almost always include a struggling heroic protagonist. The reader can identify with the suffering protagonist and feel emotions of empathy. Ince the reader feels empathy for its protagonist, the reader becomes more interested in the story because they have made an emotional connection with the characters of the story.

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Brandon Sanderson
Brandon Sanderson#1 New York Times bestselling author of The Way of Kings and Mistborn
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